MPdb: Melghat Plant Data Bank
MG085 : Themeda quadrivalvis (L.) Kuntze |
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| Melghat's Flora's Serial No. : | 644 |
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| Plant Location in Melghat : | - | |||||||||||||
| Plant Category : | Grasses | |||||||||||||
| Plant's Current Status : | - | |||||||||||||
| Plant Family : | Gramineae | |||||||||||||
| Plant Common Name : | Gondel, K- Dhagdi Zara, grader grass, habana grass, kangaroo grass, | |||||||||||||
| Synonym : | Andropogon ciliatus Thunb., nom. superfl. Andropogon nutans L., nom. illeg. Andropogon quadrivalvis L. Anthistiria barbata Desf. Anthistiria ciliata L.f., nom. superfl. Anthistiria scandens Roxb. Anthistiria semiberbis Nees, pro syn. Themeda chinensis (A.Camus) S.L.Chen & T.D.Zhuang Themeda ciliata Hack., nom. superfl. Themeda ciliata subsp. chinensis A.Camus Themeda dacruzii Birari Themeda echinata A.Camus ex Keng. Themeda yuanmounensis S.L.Chen & T.D.Zhuang. |
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| Description : | Annual. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 30–200 cm long; 4–6 mm diam.; 5–7 -noded; with prop roots. Culm-nodes glabrous. Leaf-sheaths keeled. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 2–2.5 mm long. Leaf-blades 7–30 cm long; 3–6 mm wide; flaccid. Leaf-blade surface smooth, or scaberulous; rough adaxially; glabrous, or pilose. Leaf-blade margins scabrous. Leaf-blade apex acute, or acuminate. Synflorescence compound; fasciculate; 15–50 cm long. Inflorescence composed of racemes; terminal and axillary; subtended by a spatheole; enclosed. Spatheole lanceolate; 7.5–16 cm long; scarious; red; without tubercles, or tuberculate; glabrous, or pilose. Peduncle 1.3 cm long. Racemes 1; single; cuneate; bearing few fertile spikelets; bearing 1 fertile spikelets on each. Rhachis fragile at the nodes. Spikelets in threes (basal paired). Fertile spikelets sessile; 1 in the cluster. Companion sterile spikelets pedicelled; 1 in the cluster. Pedicels oblong; 0.5 mm long. Basal sterile spikelets well-developed; 4 in number; forming an involucre about the fertile; with both pairs arising at about the same level; subsessile; linear, or lanceolate; 4.5–6 mm long; equalling fertile. Basal sterile spikelet glumes chartaceous; tuberculate on margins and setose on margins; lower glume muticous. Companion sterile spikelets well-developed; comprising 2 subequal glumes without lemmas; linear; 5–6 mm long; as long as fertile; separately deciduous. Companion sterile spikelet callus linear. Companion sterile spikelet glumes smooth; glabrous. Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets elliptic; subterete; 5–5.5 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures. Spikelet callus oblong; bearded; base obtuse; attached obliquely. Spikelet callus hairs red. Glumes dissimilar; exceeding apex of florets; firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume oblong; 1 length of spikelet; coriaceous; much thinner above; dark brown; without keels; 7–9 -veined. Lower glume surface puberulous. Lower glume apex obtuse. Upper glume oblong; 3 -veined. Upper glume margins ciliolate. | |||||||||||||
| Curated Medicinal Use / Activity : | ||||||||||||||
| Plant's Phytochemicals : | ||||||||||||||
| Reference : | ~ Dhore MA and Joshi PA; "Flora of Melghat Tiger Reserve"; Directorate, Project Tiger, Melghat (1988); PMID : |
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